Teknologi Blockchain dalam Sistem Loyalitas dan Pembayaran Perjalanan

Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis

Penulis

Kata Kunci:

teknologi blockchain, program loyalitas pelanggan, sistem pembayaran digital, smart contract, transformasi digital pariwisata

Abstrak

Penelitian ini mengkaji peran teknologi blockchain dalam mengoptimalkan program loyalitas pelanggan dan sistem pembayaran dalam sektor perjalanan dan pariwisata, dengan mengidentifikasi strategi implementasi, manfaat, tantangan, serta peluang masa depan bagi transformasi digital. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan tinjauan literatur sistematis dengan mengkaji artikel ilmiah, makalah konferensi, dan publikasi industri dari periode 2021–2025, serta menggabungkan pemetaan bibliometrik dengan analisis tematik untuk mengungkap tren implementasi blockchain dalam organisasi pariwisata internasional. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknologi blockchain memungkinkan tokenisasi poin loyalitas, interoperabilitas lintas platform, dan eliminasi perantara dalam transaksi perjalanan. Implementasi melalui smart contract mengotomatiskan distribusi reward dan penyelesaian pembayaran, sehingga mengurangi biaya transaksi hingga 40% sekaligus meningkatkan transparansi. Namun demikian, ketidakpastian regulasi, volatilitas mata uang kripto, dan keterbatasan literasi digital masih menjadi hambatan adopsi yang signifikan. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi teoretis bagi literatur transformasi digital dalam konteks pariwisata, serta menawarkan rekomendasi praktis bagi agen perjalanan, Online Travel Agent, dan pembuat kebijakan yang berupaya mengintegrasikan solusi berbasis blockchain untuk meningkatkan pengalaman pelanggan dan efisiensi operasional.

Kata Kunci: teknologi blockchain; program loyalitas pelanggan; sistem pembayaran digital; smart contract; transformasi digital pariwisata

Referensi

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Baydeniz, E. (2024). Blockchain technology in tourism: Pioneering sustainable and collaborative travel experiences. Journal of Tourismology, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.26650/jot.2024.10.1.1312994

Beştaş, M. (2024). Evaluation of blockchain technology in the context of the tourism sector within the framework of diffusion of innovation theory. Journal of Information Systems Engineering and Management, 9(4), 30348. https://doi.org/10.55267/iadt.07.15197

Corne, A., Massot, V., & Merasli, S. (2023). The determinants of the adoption of blockchain technology in the tourism sector and metaverse perspectives. Information Technology & Tourism, 25, 605–633. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40558-023-00263-y

Demirel, D., Poyraz, M., & Kalpaklıoğlu, N. Ü. (2021). Smart contracts in the tourism industry: A model with blockchain integration for the pandemic economy. Journal of Tourism and Services, 12(23), 73–87.

Du, Y., Mohamed, R., & Leong, Y. C. (2024). Blockchain technology in the tourism industry: A bibliometric analysis. Journal of Management and Muamalah, 14(2), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.53840/jmm.v14i2.158

Ibrahim, M. A. M. (2024). Exploring the usage of cryptocurrency adoption in the Egyptian tourism sector: Opportunities and challenges. Journal of the Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, 8(2/3).

Kwok, A. O., & Koh, S. G. (2024). Blockchain technology diffusion in tourism: Evidence from early enterprise adopters and innovators. Heliyon, 10(2), e24675. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24675

Meyer-Waarden, L., Bruwer, J., & Galan, J. P. (2023). Loyalty programs, loyalty engagement, and customer engagement with the company brand. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 71, 103212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2022.103212

Nur Muharam, I., Tussyadiah, I. P., & Kimbu, A. N. (2024). A theoretical model of user acceptance of blockchain-based peer-to-peer accommodation. Current Issues in Tourism, 27(7), 1008–1025. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2023.2189615

Salunkhe, U., Kumar, C., & Khare, S. J. (2024). Blockchain intervention in the tourism industry: A systematic review. Academy of Marketing Studies Journal, 28(2), 1–9.

Sarnacchiaro, P., Luongo, S., Sepe, F., & Della Corte, V. (2024). The role of blockchain technology in the tourism industry: Analyzing the factors affecting its adoption. Quality & Quantity. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-024-01847-0

Treiblmaier, H., & Petrozhitskaya, E. (2023). Is it time for marketing to reappraise B2C relationship management? The emergence of a new loyalty paradigm through blockchain technology. Journal of Business Research, 159, 113725. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.113725

Triple-A. (2025). Global cryptocurrency adoption 2025. Triple-A.

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Utz, M., Johanning, S., Roth, T., Bruckner, T., & Strüker, J. (2023). From ambivalence to trust: Using blockchain in customer loyalty programs. International Journal of Information Management, 68, 102496. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2022.102496

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Cover Jurnal Destinasi

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Diterbitkan

30-03-2026

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Vol 1 No 01 (2026): DESTINASI: Jurnal Ilmiah Pariwisata & Hospitality

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Original Research Articles

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Cara Mengutip

Teknologi Blockchain dalam Sistem Loyalitas dan Pembayaran Perjalanan: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis. (2026). DESTINASI: Jurnal Ilmiah Pariwisata & Hospitality, 1(01), 118-126. https://jurnaldestinasi.id/index.php/destinasi/article/view/19

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